الادب في عصر الملكة فكتوريا 1837 - 1901

الى طلاب وطالبات المرحلة الثالثة اتمنى ان تستفادون من هذا الموضوع

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The Victorian Age
The Victorian Age lasted from 1837 to 1901. Ironically, Queen Victoria lived from 1837 to 1901. Wow! This era continued the romantic ideals of promoting love and nature. However, scientific advances social upheavals seen around the world had a profound affect on literature. There was greater use of political and social themes as well as many attempts to educate the populous. Scientific discoveries that seemed to refute certain religious beliefs inspired many writers to conquer the topics of faith and truth in their works. This era saw significant advances in nonfiction works and the invention of the modern novel. The poetry of this period was a direct reflection of the popular attitudes of the time. Alfred, Lord Tennyson wrote poetry that dealt with all of the hot topics of the era. His poems were both lyrical and mechanical in their structure. Conversely, Robert Browning was noted for his harsh style and cerebral subject matter. Matthew Arnold composed deeply emotional poetry. He focused on his pessimistic outlook on the fate of humanity. These three represent the major trends in Victorian poetry. For the first time in the history of English Literature, poetry was not the most popular form of writing. The novel had developed and become more popular than verse. At the forefront of this literary revolution was Charles Dickens and William Makepeace Thakceray. This format enabled authors to create characters in much greater detail and could concentrate on content and less on form. Other authors who wrote in this tradition were George Eliot, Thomas Hardy and Emily Bronte. Another group of novelists concentrated their efforts on creating romantic and exotic stories to excite their readers. Most notable in this field are Rudyard Kipling, Joseph Conrad and Robert Louis Stevenson. Several authors used these fantasy situations to provide an indirect social commentary. The most famous of these is H. G. Wells. George Bernard Shaw was the driving force behind radically new dramatic works. He displayed a powerful capacity for satire in his plays. He expressed his disdain for the existing social order in his highly entertaining plays. It was also his strong belief that use of language was critical in establishing one's position in society.
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